" Defendant declined to furnish the course to plaintiff. Published by The Advocate on Aug. , 10 N. This action by plaintiff wife for personal injuries, and by plaintiff husband for medical expenses. Consumer Feedback. Saitowitz and other boutique fitness gyms — a broad designation that includes Pilates and yoga studios, and facilities that focus on indoor cycling or, as is the case with. A Legacy is Born. Real-Time Gym Capacity. In 1947, the first Vic Tanny Health Club. In 1947, the first Vic Tanny Health Club. In our view, there was no disparity in bargaining power. By 1947, Vic Tanny again had several gyms around Los Angeles, and by 1960, the Tanny empire totaled 84 gyms throughout the country. Sports Clubs. The 1956 and 1960 CDs both list Bert Goodrich's Health Center at 6624 Hollywood Boulevard. From the 19th-century gymnastic clubs, to the low-cost and 24/7 amenities of modern gyms, in this gallery we take you through the history of the gym. See reviews, photos, directions, phone numbers and more for Ballys Vic Tanny Health Club locations in Miami, FL. There are. and Canada. While there were well-known gyms throughout the country during the 1950s (such as Vince's Gym in North Hollywood, California and Vic Tanny's chain gyms), there were still segments of the United States that had no "hardcore" bodybuilding gyms until the advent of Gold's Gym in the mid-1960s. Eventually there were 84 Tanny gyms nationwide, complemented by sufficient carpet, chrome, and leather to attract a higher-class clientele. Two young women advertising Vic Tanny's Hi-Protein Food Supplement at a Vic Tanny Gyms stand at the Kitchen Karnival in Los Angeles, USA, 10th. v. Vic Tanny Jr. May 22, 2018 - The Vic Tanny Centers flourished in the 1950s and early to mid-1960s and expanded the field to a new type of customer. Object name: huty2555810. Health Clubs Exercise &. Weekends he worked at Burbank's Vic Tanny gym. Though grossing $15 million a year, the organization was overextended and had to close by the late 1960s. Call Vic Tanny-Bally at (419) 866-8276 for more information. ” Their meetings were held mainly at the Six Gallery, according to Manuel Neri, though many of the parties at 2322. His brother was the Vic Tanny of Vic Tanny’s Gym fame. Cox, 96-CV-495A. In 1947, the first Vic Tanny Health Club. : r/ottawa. Looks like the 60s. “Donahue was a brilliant pioneer of the fitness industry. Mickey is behind to the bank (Pat Hibbard’s character) and is being pushed by Lisa and Sarah to get on board a Vic Tanny Health Club franchise to save his hide. . The first franchise opened in San Francisco in 1980 and the first foreign location was set up in Canada in 1985. 2d 962, 177 N. W. In our view, there was no disparity in bargaining power. ”A Mass in honor of Mandy will be given at Saint Bernardine of Siena Church, 24410 Calvert St. Movies. 99. Men worried that exercise would lead to dangerous enlargement of the heart; women. Iannidinardo; February 18, 1912 – June 11, 1985) was an American bodybuilder, entrepreneur and physical culture advocate. Seen here from left, Jerry Lewis as Professor Kelp trying out weightlifting at Vic. 2d 294, 297-98, 220 N. There was no showing that Spa Petite's services were necessary or that the services could not. , HEMPSTEAD, NY, 11552 Changes to our website — to find out why access to some data now requires a login, click heretime afterward. In the late 1950s, Don and company expanded to over 300 locations coast to coast, and he was an investor and board member of Las Vegas Athletic Clubs. 2d 925, 926 (1961). S. Vic Tanny gyms were formerly among the top 10 western users of broadcast time. America, Bert Goodrich and sister of Vic Tanny two pioneer's of physical fitness. S. Consumer Feedback. See reviews, photos, directions, phone numbers and more for Ballys Vic Tanny Health Club locations in Chicago, IL. In 1949, Armand Tanny married Shirley Luvin, whom he had met at Muscle Beach. VIC TANNY INTERNATIONAL OF DAYTON, INC. 2d 925, 927 (1961), noted: Here there is no special legal relationship and no overriding public interest which demand that this contract provision, voluntarily entered into by competent parties, should be rendered ineffectual. What makes this advertisement even stranger is that by 1977, Vic Tanny’s gym was no longer a major player in the fitness industry. California“ contests. Prior to the advent of Tanny, gyms had the reputation of being strictly for men, and often of the rougher type at that—sweaty, dirty, and dingy lairs reserved for serious bodybuilders. His brother was the Vic Tanny of Vic Tanny’s Gym. Andy's health studio, 75 Eddy, Hull or 200 Kent, Ottawa delcampe. View community ranking In the Top 1% of largest communities on Reddit. As more viewers became participants, body building and fitness became a part of the mainstream culture. The first postwar chain was started by Vic Tanny in Santa Monica, California. „Mr. Vic Tannys [sic] Gym on Hollywood Boulevard in the 1961 CD. Tanny died at 4:45 a. Lutcher Stark Center for Physical. Victor "Vic" Tanny (born Victor A. The Vic Tanny Centers flourished in the 1950s and early to mid-1960s and expanded the field to a new type of customer. VCC. 25Bank on This: Directed by Alan Rafkin. The first postwar chain was started by Vic Tanny in Santa Monica, California. During the 1950s and 1960s, American bodybuilder and entrepreneur Vic Tanny oversaw Vic Tanny Centers, which are largely considered to be the first successful gym chain. Find Related Places. Tanny died in 1985 at the age of 73 due to – heart failure, precisely the fate he wished for Americans to avoid. Y. USA bodybuilder VIC TANNY (Vic Tanny Jr. "Battle Line" sweepstakes: In Official Films'The free weights and weight machines in, say, a Vic Tanny gym, had to yield floor space to stationary bikes and treadmills, and space had to be designated for dance exercise and group aerobics. Kutner, David S. From the 19th-century gymnastic clubs, to the low-cost and 24/7 amenities of modern gyms, in this gallery we take you through the history of the gym. The new Caper's will be renamed Down Home Billiards. HighnessWater7332. 92 in) - 300 dpi - 9 MB. Originally a weightlifter, Tanny won the Mr. Tanny's many fitness clubs became part of. “I’ve been in fitness my whole life,” said Scafone, who went on to manage 30 Vic Tanny. Mandy Tanny, pioneer of the women's fitness movement, niece of famed gym owner Vic Tanny and daughter of legendary. From Business: LA Fitness offers many amenities at an outstanding value. In 1949, Armand Tanny married Shirley Luvin, whom he had met at Muscle Beach. S. 1964), the court held that a fitness center's broadly worded exculpatory clause barred the plaintiff's injuries after slipping and falling in a shower room adjacent to a swimming pool. ) vt gym grl. His clubs, however, folded in the mid-1960s, with many locations becoming part of the Bally Total Fitness Clubs. App. Y. Get premium, high resolution news photos at Getty ImagesFind 1541 listings related to Ballys Vic Tanny Health Club in Waterford on YP. Find useful information, the address and the phone number of the local business you are. Vic Ballys Tanny Internationa is a Health Club at 5215 Monroe St , Toledo, OH 43623. The chain Vic Tanny’s Gyms is credited with popularizing health clubs and the idea of annual memberships to a gym in the ’50s and early ’60s. E. E. The jury returned a verdict against Vic Tanny on Alack's negligence count, and awarded Alack $17,000. Carpeted throughout with everything chromed and every wall covered with mirrors. $3000000 or more The Vic Tanny gyms are open to boLh men and women They are equipped with specializedVic Tanny Gyms were a part of life in the San Fernando Valley until they were sold to the Bally fitness chain. 16985 W Bluemound Rd. AnyLaw is the FREE and Friendly legal research service that gives you unlimited access to massive amounts of valuable legal data. com. Tanny's many fitness clubs became part of. Find 2097 listings related to Ballys Vic Tanny Health Club in Miami on YP. Tanny organization, reports the firm will ex- pand the chain of gyms throughout 11 western states as fast as locations and personnel can be lined up. Weekends he worked at Burbank's Vic Tanny gym. [1] Muscle Beach Venice is the contemporary title of the outdoor weightlifting platform constructed in Venice, California. Y. m. Vic Tanny filed a motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict. In. Don’t leave. App. Back in the fifties, going to the gym wasn't a popular pastime. Related Searches. Day of the Week. , 10 N. Toggle navigation. A. 2d 962, 177 N. From the 19th-century gymnastic clubs, to the low-cost and 24/7 amenities of modern gyms, in this gallery we take you through the history of the gym. LOUIS -- Missouri Attorney General William Webster has filed suit against the owners of Vic Tanny fitness clubs, charging violations of state consumer fraud laws. On Wednesday, it got a $25-million assignment to tone up ads for more fitness centers, including Vic Tanny. In the story, Tom Verbrick is Mickey, who runs an old-line gym where punching bags and dead weights are the thing for lugs like Michael and Zach. Find art you love and shop high-quality art prints, photographs, framed artworks and posters at Art. Pilates. Vic Tanny, founder of Tanny Gyms; Jack LaLanne; Joe Gold, founder of Gold's Gym and World Gym; Mr. In 1954, he took a break from the gyms to tour for a couple of years with a host of other bodybuilders in the Mae West show. 2d 962, 177 N. Hitting the gym! With an explosion of apps, clothing, devices, and countless DVDs, fitness has never felt more modern, and the gym is its holy laboratory, alive with machinery, sweat, and dance music. From the 19th-century gymnastic clubs, to the low-cost and 24/7 amenities of modern gyms, in this gallery we take you through the history of the gym. Armand Tanny died of natural causes Saturday at a nursing facility, the Los Angeles Times reported. The idea for the machine was actually created by Smith’s friend. In November 1656 the facilities at ‘Compton Gym’ were various types of equipment designed and utilized for corrective exercise, specifically ‘gym’ equipment, showers, and dressing facilities. From the 19th-century gymnastic clubs, to the low-cost and 24/7 amenities of modern gyms, in this gallery we take you through the history of the gym. 2d 212 (1987) William H. The first gym to offer a membership was pioneered by a gentleman named Victor "Vic" Tanny. . and around the. S. B. And then Vic Tanny had his own factory, and he made a step above that, but it was still all for health clubs. In 1947, the first Vic Tanny Health Club. All the Hammer Strength is great however the rest of the gym is outdated and not maintained well. Eddy said outside of court today, “Walk through life holding your head up high. I offer to you a rare / classic item from Vic Tanny-- The Vic Tanny Home Gym Instruction Manual--Home Gym Equipment and Instructions-1962 --24 pages--features many photos and instructive text on his hGym owner, Vic Tanny in one of his 60 gyms. In the early ’50s Vic Tanny opened a chain of gyms featuring state-of-the-art equipment that revolutionized the gym business. VIC TANNY COMPTON, INC on CaseMine. (1961), 10 N. 5474 S 76th St. FOLKART Victor A. Universal Gym Equipment, Inc v. You are bidding on a vintage VIC TANNY'S GYMS Membership Card . Y. Jan 15, 2021 - Joe Sanceri also managed the Marina Athletic Club in Marina Del Rey from the late 1980s to the the late 1990s. Hey, on the Ottawa side, remember Vic Tanny's?Armand Tanny’s Favorite Exercise. It will have more than 6,000 square feet of space, about double the size of the current location, so it will have more pool. The jury returned a verdict against Vic Tanny on Alack's negligence count, and awarded Alack $17,000. No. Iannidinardo; February 18, 1912 – June 11, 1985) was an American bodybuilder, entrepreneur and physical culture advocate. America bodybuilding title in 1950 and the Mr. Tanny shall not be liable for any damages arising from personal injuries sustained by Member in, on or about the premises of any of the said gymnasiums. Ron shared a story of helping a guest with a workout one afternoon; his name. Mentor, Writer, and Visionary:Featured image: Vic Tanny Vic Tanny, First Big Gym Chain Developer. In 1947, the first Vic Tanny Health Club. Vic Tanny introduced middle-class America to a new club model, one that pioneered the concept of a facility for men and women (offering alternate day workouts). Men worried that exercise would lead to dangerous enlargement of the heart; women. 2d 294, 177 N. Relatives. S. Arrangements handled by Pierce Brothers Valley Oaks Griffin Mortuary in Westlake Village (818) 889-0902. J. Detroit, MI 48224. Total views 16. Vic Tanney Gyms, Inc. 2d 925, 927 (1961), noted: Here there is no special legal relationship and no overriding public interest which demand that this contract provision, voluntarily entered into by competent parties, should be rendered ineffectual. Y. Meanwhile, the character of Milo Janus appears to have been inspired by Vic Tanny (1912-1985), an American bodybuilder and entrepreneur. In the days before steroids, he credited his wins to diet and hard work. The commercial aired on February 14th, 1978. Jerome M. From the remnants of these first two. it’s kind of remarkable how little the price of. New gym coming soon. At their peak there were 100 Vic Tanny gyms in the United States and Canada. Vic Tanney Gyms, Inc. (414) 486-7627. Y. 2d 925, 926 (N. On the corner of Rebecca the neon billboard that drew you into Irving's Famous Clothes shop. Pioneer of the women's fitness movement, niece of famed gym owner Vic Tanny and daughter of legendary bodybuilder Armand Tanny, died Saturday morning at West Hills hospital due to complications from cancer. One of the few gyms in SF in the late sixties/early seventies was Riley's Health Club on Golden Gate Ave just off Market St. Vic Tanney Gyms, Inc. This facility was a throwback to the 'studios' of the the Vic Tanny era. Eventually there were 84 Tanny gyms nationwide, complemented by sufficient carpet, chrome, and leather to attract a higher-class clientele. B. In a wonderful (and free) article, Ben Pollack and Jan Todd described the rise of fall of Tanny’s gym, one of America’s first major fitness chains. It also acquired Advantage Fitness in San Francisco's marina zone (the company's seventh club in San Francisco and 141st overall). Tanny won national bodybuilding titles in 1949 and 1950 and was a popular. By the way, Armand is exemplifying a physique that showcases lines of muscularity, form and perfection of symmetry – in a pre-steroid era. He was 73 years old. Pure to Joseph Pilates’…. Conner’s friend McClure, who was then the district manager of a chain of Vic Tanny gyms in San Francisco, related that his boss’s “favorite cuss word was Rat Bastard. "When the [Tanny] gyms were in operation, we did a survey," recalled Armand Tanny, a former Mr. I'm assuming this must have been a Bally's Fitness place. Muscle Beach played a crucial role in shaping American fitness culture and launching the careers of fitness legends like Jack LaLanne, Vic Tanny, and Joe Gold. . Fitness America: The Colorful History of. Back in the fifties, going to the gym wasn't a popular pastime. The Vic Tanny Centers flourished in the 1950s and early to mid-1960s and expanded the field to a new type of customer. (Cover) "Muscle Builder and Power" was the Weider organization's flagship bodybuilding magazine in the 1950's, 60's and 70's, before becoming "Muscle & Fitness," the world's leading fitness and fitness culture publication. 18201 E Warren Ave. The great bodybuilder Armand Tanny as he looked when in top form. The chain Vic Tanny’s Gyms is credited with popularizing health clubs and the idea of annual memberships to a gym in the ’50s and early ’60s. From the 19th-century gymnastic clubs, to the low-cost and 24/7 amenities of modern gyms, in this gallery we take you through the history of the gym. In 1935, bodybuilder Vic Tanny opened a. Mr. 1. This became the nation’s largest health and fitness operation with more than 380 locations. , 10 NY2d 294, 177 NE2d 925 (1961), is factually similar. "We're hoping to open 100 health centers in Europe and Britain," said the muscle master. The jury held for Alack and awarded him damages of $17,000. In 1947, the first Vic Tanny Health Club. from Mad (EC, 1952 series) #49 (September 1959) Indexer Notes. In the 1940s, Jack LaLanne, Vic Tanny, Joe Gold, Les and Pudgy Stockton and other like them drew thousands of visitors to the beach to watch their feats of strength and acrobatic displays. A director of defendant testified: he had been connected with "Vic Tanny Compton Gym" for several years and in November, 1956. The magnetic attraction and retention of the beach park. , circa 1953 Date Created and/or Issued circa 1953 Publication Information Los Angeles Daily News Contributing Institution UCLA, Library Special Collections, Charles E. Vic Tanny Gyms, Inc. His brother, Vic Tanny, a titan in the fitness industry, passed away in 1985, leaving behind an indelible void. Vic Tanny Photo: Allan Grant. Ann Foster's, Kohlers Drugs, the White Grill and the entrance to Vic Tanny's Gym in the Lister Block. 1940. In 1949, Armand Tanny married Shirley Luvin, whom he had met at Muscle Beach. Translations in context of "Tanny" in English-Romanian from Reverso Context: Officer Tanny Brown come and lock me up. In 1947, the first Vic Tanny Health Club. emerged from Bally Health and Tennis Corp. jpg (99. Shortly after World War II, Tanny converted a 7,000-square-foot USO center, which was located in a basement on 4 th Street, into the best-equipped gym in the United States. You put the belt around your waist and it shook you all up to lose weight, or so they said. Though he bought a 28-room mansion in Beverly Hills in the early 1960s that was once described as “a combination Versailles Palace and Vic Tanny Gym,” the famously flamboyant entertainer. Add a Review. E. File an customer with LA Fitness customer service department. 12703 Dorsett Road, Maryland Heights, MO 63043. Vic Tanny Gyms, Inc. As for Tanny? His legacy is primarily known as being the American pioneer in the creation of the modern health club. The national chain of fitness centers, founded in 1983, has hit on hard economic times, having filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy early in 2007 and then again at the end of last year. University of Toronto, Mississauga. Here are the other Vic Tanny's locations I found in the early-60s: 6132 Pacific Boulevard 9356 Santa Monica Boulevard (listed as "Vic Tanny's Western Home") 743 N San Vicente Boulevard 1357 Vine. 12703 Dorsett Rd , Hazelwood, MO 63043. Housing & Homelessness. Tanny opened the male-only gym in 1935 in Rochester, New York. 5,1957 PAY-AS-YOU PEDAL TERMS $5. Research the case of Gardner v. Born March 5th, 1919 in Rochester, New York, Tanny took to lifting at an early age under the tutelage of older brother Vic, who would later go on to found. ---- 5. LOS ANGELES -- Armand Tanny, a bodybuilding legend who, along with his brother, Vic, started some of the first fitness gyms in the country, has died. …. But @chouquettekitchen could barely eat it. Mandy Tanny, pioneer of the women's fitness movement, niece of famed gym owner Vic Tanny and daughter of legendary. Vic Tanny’s motion for a judgment notwithstanding the verdict was denied by the trial court. Credit. Weight-lifting for women was popularized in the 1930s and 1940s by female-bodybuilder Abby "Pudgy" Stockton. FROESSEL, Judge. Tanny would establish a lifelong professional working relationship with Joe Weider writing for the Weider. Health Clubs like Ballys Vic Tanny Health Club offer services that often include exercise, yoga, kick boxing, swimming, sauna, pool, weights, and personal training. See more reviews for this business. VIC TANNY GYMS SIGN FAIR-PRACTICE CODE. As a child I watched the Detroit Lions every Sunday. On the Federal Building you can see the sign for Park Business. “One of the reasons people come here is because they can feel safe here,” adds Harry Schwartz, a former employe of the now largely defunct Vic Tanny gyms, who is president of the local La. Weekends he worked at Burbank's Vic Tanny gym. Basement of Carlingwood Shopping Centre. From Business: Club Pilates Brentwood STL is a boutique Pilates studio specializing in reformer fusion classes for anyone, at any age or fitness level. United States; United States District Courts. Vic Tanny Health Clubs –The First Suburban Fitness Club (1947) In 1947, Vic Tanny, and his brother, Armand, opened the first chain of modern health clubs. Almost half a century before health clubs, fitness videos and weight training became American obsessions, a pioneering enclave in Santa Monica, California, started the physical culture boom. 19, 1961. Vic Tanny, 73, body builder who founded a nationwide chain of 100 or more gymnasiums and fitness centers that started in the mid-1930s and were the first to shed the grubby, back-street gym image in favor of carpets, chrome, cleanliness, swimming pools and a "pay as you perspire" plan that attracted working- class men and women; of a. Reprints. This facility was a throwback to the 'studios' of the the Vic Tanny era. It’s the mixing of two types of meats inside a baked shell. Regular members included Steve Reeves, George Eiferman, Joe Gold (of Gold’s Gym fame) and Arthur Jones, Bill McArdle, Zabo Koszewski , Olympic lifting greats Tommy Kono and Dave Shephard, one of the stars of “Wagon Train. As clients began to use the machine more and more, Tanny installed a Smith Machine in nearly all of his nation wide gyms. Vic Tanny Health Clubs 800-242-4110 . He was brought before Judge J. In 1947, the first Vic Tanny Health Club. Alack filed a motion for a new trial on the issue of damages or, in the alternative, to increase the jury award. 5215 Monroe St, Toledo, OH 43623. Eventually there were 84 Tanny gyms nationwide, complemented by sufficient carpet, chrome, and. Y. Richard Rimmels, Jr. Contact me at warren. See reviews, photos, directions, phone numbers and more for Ballys Vic Tanny Health Club locations in Waterford, MI. yes, $40! Back in the day Vic Tanny sold lifetime platinum memberships that were very expensive, but renewals were dirt cheap. Services Ballys Vic Tanny Health Club is a health club in Hazelwood, MO. / 34. Bodybuilder Vic Tanny, who died in 1985, has been credited with opening an earlier professional gym, in the early 1930s in. Vic Tanny’s fitness empire eventually included gyms across the country. From Business: Founded in 1987, Eastside Tennis and Fitness Club is one of the leading clubs for tennis, fitness, aerobics and other sports in the Grosse Pointe/Detroit area. , Respondent. Vic Tanny (původně se prý jmenoval Victor A. Talk to the staff at Vic Tanny Health Club - Crestwood for information about reaching your fitness goals in Saint Louis, MO. One of the few gyms in SF in the late sixties/early seventies was Riley's Health Club on Golden Gate Ave just off Market St. USA titles in bodybuilding. Mr. Vic Tanney Gyms, Inc. Schlobohm voluntarily applied for membership in Spa Petite and acceded to the terms of membership. In 1947, the first Vic Tanny Health Club. com. June 2, 1950 - August 14, 2010. com. outdoor yoga on misty lake bled in morning - workout leotards women stock pictures, royalty-free photos & images. Ron shared a story of helping a guest with a workout one afternoon; his name. E. Day of the Week. 364 — Brought to you by Free Law Project, a non-profit dedicated to creating high quality open legal information. Although the parties’ stipulation arose out of a payment dispute, the construction defects that were the subject of this lawsuit arose from the performance. Ballys Vic Tanny Health Club. And, int a turn of the tables, in May of this per, 24 Clock Physical Worldwide was obtained for approximately $1. NoLast Login IP: 98. com. She was 60 years old. from Mad (EC, 1952 series) #49 (September 1959). One week after iron great Irvin “Zabo” Koszewski left for the Great Gym in the Sky, his longtime pal and Muscle Beach cohort Armand Tanny has passed at the age of 90. Pollack and Todd reveal the impact Vic Tanny and his gyms had on the burgeoning fitness industry in America, with photographs Loading… H. Carpeted throughout with everything chromed and every wall covered with mirrors. Citation923 S. She learned from some of the greats: Jack LaLanne, Bill Pearl, Joseph Mullen, Specialist Trainer for Med-X and Jack O'Bleniss, President of the Natural Body Building Federation. 2d 294,. Tanny died in 1985 at the age of 73 due to – heart failure, precisely the fate he wished for Americans to avoid. Victor Vic Tanny (born Victor A. Best Gyms near Vic Tanny Health Club - Lift-STL, Red Fitness Lounge, Center of Clayton, Shred415 Brentwood, Richmond Heights Community Center, Planet Fitness, Centennial Commons, Life Time, Anytime Fitness, Club Fitness -. Vic's younger brother, Armand, also moved west in 1939. Once outside, Goldblum could work out In a $100,000 gymasium that he erected be hind his house, apparently fulfilling a desire that developed when he was an instructor at a Vic Tanny gym here. 6. Meaning of vic tanny. Find 3000 listings related to Ballys Vic Tanny Health Club in Anaheim on YP. Bodybuilder Vic Tanny, who died in 1985, has been credited with opening an earlier professional gym, in the early 1930s in. Body Dynamics Personal Fitness. My…an agreement with Victor Tanny the company will acquire all of the assets and liabilities of the Vic Tanny Gymnasium System in exchange for the 12515000 shares ofits stock The said System consists about seventy. Talk to the staff at Bally's. Synopsis Discusses the methods and success of the new style of commercial gym. Vic Tanny Compton Inc. Per- ing that the new Tanny gym had “thousands of dollars’ haps he was inspired by the lead of business magnates Sam worth of scientific weight resistance equipment, personally Walton, who started Walmart in 1950, and Ray Kroc who developed [and manufactured] by Vic Tanny.